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The polychromy of antique sculptures and the terracotta army of the first Chinese emperor: studies on materials, painting techniques and conservation

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Berke, Heinz et Borkopp, Birgitt et Brinkmann, Vinzenz et Cheng, Derun et Colinart, Sylvie et Emmerling, Erwin et van Ess, Hans et Gao, Hanyu et Greipl, Egon Johannes et Guo, Baofa et Herm, Christoph et Jiang, Caipin et Koch-Brinkmann, Ulrike et Kim, Yinglan et Knipping, Detlef et Li, Rujuan et Li, Zuixiong et Lin, Chunmei et Lu, Shoulin et Pagès-Camagna, Sandrine et Petzet, Michael et Qiao, Shiguang et Rösch, Petra et Rogner, Ingo et Shang, Zongyan et Thieme, Cristina et Wiedemann, Hans-Georg et Wu, Yongqi et Yuan, Zhongyi et Zhang, Jizu et Zhang, Tinghao et Zhang, Zhijun et Zhao, Feng et Zhou, Tie (2001) The polychromy of antique sculptures and the terracotta army of the first Chinese emperor: studies on materials, painting techniques and conservation. Conference Volume. Lipp GmbH, Munich, Germany, 183p. Monuments & Sites (2001-), 03. ISBN 3-87490-679-5. [Monographie]

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Résumé (en anglais)

An international Symposium on "Polychromy of the Terracotta Army of the First Chinese Emperor Qin Shihuangdi, Studies on the Polychromy of Antique Sculptures; Materials, Painting Techniques and Conservation" was held at the Historical Museum of the Shaanxi Province in March, 1999. This was the first congress ever held on the polychromy of antique sculptures in the People's Republic of China. Polychromy of antique sculptures has, of course, been one of the central topics of discussion of archaeologists since the 19th century and has influenced comtemporary European art into the 20th Century, Intense original colouring cannot be found on a single antique Greek sculpture. Partially due to diverse influences over the centuries, partially due to the deliberate removal of existant colouring, the general public sees sculpture as monochromatic - either white or material-based in colour, even though current research proves it to have been otherwise. The state of information regarding Near Eastern cultures, Egyptian sculpture and Estruscan plastic art is similar to that which has been passed down to us on antique Greek sculpture: at an absolute minimum, fragments or shadowy traces of colour give us a vague idea of the artistic quality and original wealth of the polychromy on antique sculptures. Thousands of terracotta figures, some life-size, some only a few centimetres high, have been excavated in China in the last twenty years. Almost all of these sculptures are elaborately painted; a large number of these figures have been preserved with their original colouring. Without a doubt the most spectacular discovery has been the tomb of the First Chinese Emperor, Qin Shihuangdi. Not only the internationally renowned Terracotta Army of the emperor, but also numerous other burial offerings are completely coloured. These realistically and intensely coloured figures give us the impression of a striking presence and power previously unknown in antique sculpture. The papers presented at this Symposium cover not only Chinese excavations, but also examples from Egypt, the Near East and Europe. Questions concerning clothing and textiles as well as aspects of colour symbolism and the meaning of colour in dif ferent cultures were examined. And last but not least, painting techniques, materials and conservation problems in the different cultures, with concentration on the aspects of natural science and conservation, were presented. Compiled in this publication are the revised papers presented at the Symposium; a general view, and a survey on the polychromy of ancient scupture. It is exciting to pursue the similarities and differences to be found in the finishing of sculptures in the early advanced civilisations. Parallel uses of the colour blue are particularly notable, thus supporting the presumption of an intense cultural exchange in antiquity. The organisers of this Symposium - notably the Museum of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses, the Department of Historical Monuments, and ICOMOS - hope that the research on the polychromy of antique sculptures and the cultural exchange will continue. [Preface by Degon Johannes Greipl, Michael Petzet, Wu Yongqi and Zhang Tinghao]

Type: Monographie (Conference Volume)
Auteurs:
Auteurs
E-mail
Berke, Heinz
NON SPECIFIÉ
Borkopp, Birgitt
NON SPECIFIÉ
Brinkmann, Vinzenz
NON SPECIFIÉ
Cheng, Derun
NON SPECIFIÉ
Colinart, Sylvie
NON SPECIFIÉ
Emmerling, Erwin
NON SPECIFIÉ
van Ess, Hans
NON SPECIFIÉ
Gao, Hanyu
NON SPECIFIÉ
Greipl, Egon Johannes
NON SPECIFIÉ
Guo, Baofa
NON SPECIFIÉ
Herm, Christoph
NON SPECIFIÉ
Jiang, Caipin
NON SPECIFIÉ
Koch-Brinkmann, Ulrike
NON SPECIFIÉ
Kim, Yinglan
NON SPECIFIÉ
Knipping, Detlef
NON SPECIFIÉ
Li, Rujuan
NON SPECIFIÉ
Li, Zuixiong
NON SPECIFIÉ
Lin, Chunmei
NON SPECIFIÉ
Lu, Shoulin
NON SPECIFIÉ
Pagès-Camagna, Sandrine
NON SPECIFIÉ
Petzet, Michael
NON SPECIFIÉ
Qiao, Shiguang
NON SPECIFIÉ
Rösch, Petra
NON SPECIFIÉ
Rogner, Ingo
NON SPECIFIÉ
Shang, Zongyan
NON SPECIFIÉ
Thieme, Cristina
NON SPECIFIÉ
Wiedemann, Hans-Georg
NON SPECIFIÉ
Wu, Yongqi
NON SPECIFIÉ
Yuan, Zhongyi
NON SPECIFIÉ
Zhang, Jizu
NON SPECIFIÉ
Zhang, Tinghao
NON SPECIFIÉ
Zhang, Zhijun
NON SPECIFIÉ
Zhao, Feng
NON SPECIFIÉ
Zhou, Tie
NON SPECIFIÉ
Editeurs:
Editeurs
Email
Chen, Ganglin
NON SPECIFIÉ
Helmreich-Schoeller, Irene
NON SPECIFIÉ
Ziesemer, John
NON SPECIFIÉ
Langues: Chinese, Anglais
Mots-clés libres: China; ancient art; statues; terracotta; polychrome sculptures; archaeological heritage; conservation of cultural heritage; conservation projects; colours; pigments; paints; gum-lac; wood; textiles; silk; analysis of materials; archaeometry; photographs; comparative analysis; Egypt; Greece; Syria; Iran
Sujets: B. ARCHEOLOGIE > 05. Recherche archéologique
F.TECHNIQUES SCIENTIFIQUES ET METHODOLOGIES DE CONSERVATION > 06. Analyse des matériaux
F.TECHNIQUES SCIENTIFIQUES ET METHODOLOGIES DE CONSERVATION > 09. Archéométrie
H.TYPES DE PATRIMOINE > 03. Sites archéologiques
L.PRESENTATION ET TRANSMISSION DU PATRIMOINE > 02. Interprétation
P. ZONES GEOGRAPHIQUES > 02. Afrique
P. ZONES GEOGRAPHIQUES > 04. Asie et îles du Pacifique
P. ZONES GEOGRAPHIQUES > 05. Europe
Nom du monument, ville, site, musée: Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor, China; Aphaia temple, Aegina, Greece; Mo Kao grotto, Dunhuang, China
Numéro WHC: 441
Comité national de l’ICOMOS: ICOMOS International
Collections spéciales: Monuments & Sites (2001-)
Volume de la collection spéciale: 03
Volume: 3
Nombre de Pages: 183
ISBN: 3-87490-679-5
Déposé par: ICOMOS DocCentre
Date de dépôt: 17 juillet 2023 15:43
Dernière modification: 17 juillet 2023 15:43
URI: https://openarchive.icomos.org/id/eprint/2953

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