Onsite advanced biocleaning system on ancient wall paintings using new agar-gauze bacteria gel

Ranalli, Giancarlo, Zanardini, Elisabetta, Rampazzi, Laura, Corti, Cristina, Andreotti, Alessia, Colombini, Maria Perla, Bosch-Roig, Pilar, Lustrato, Giuseppe, Giantomassi, Carlo, Zari, Donatella and Virilli, Paolo (2019) Onsite advanced biocleaning system on ancient wall paintings using new agar-gauze bacteria gel. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 126 . pp. 1785-1796. ISSN 1365-2672 [Article]

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Abstract (in English)

Aims: In this study the results of the use of a new agar-gauze biogel system activated by viable bacterial cells applied on altered wall-paintings are reported. Methods and Results: Biocleaning using agar biogel and agar-gauze biogel systems was performed onsite by direct application onto altered wall-painting artwork surfaces (25-1,000 cm2). The treatments were performed for the restoration of two original Italian sites: i) at the Vatican Museums, Cristo che salva Pietro dalle acque - La Navicella wall-painting by Giovanni Lanfranco (1627-1628) and ii) at Pisa Cathedral Cupola, Incarnato wall-painting by Orazio Riminaldi (1593-1630) and his brother (Girolamo Riminaldi). The novelty of this study is the use of Pseudomonas stutzeri A29 viable cells using an advanced agar-gauze biogel system and that the bioapplications required short contact-times of between 3-12 hours. The ancient artworks were altered by lipid and protein residues from past restoration as confirmed by the Py-GC/MS and FTIR data. Assessment was made on the effectiveness of the biological treatment and general considerations were discussed. Conclusions: The short contact-time of the bioapplications using advanced agar-gauze gel activated with P. stutzeri viable cells makes this biotechnology promising as an alternative method to the traditional onsite cleaning techniques currently in use for altered ancient wall-paintings. Significance and Impact of the Study. In this study, we report the biocleaning of altered materials located in vertical and vaulted areas using agar-gauze biogel and short application times for the first time. These findings are of great significance for future restoration activities, being crucial for determining best preservation strategies in this field.

Item Type: Article
Authors:
Authors
Email
Ranalli, Giancarlo
UNSPECIFIED
Zanardini, Elisabetta
UNSPECIFIED
Rampazzi, Laura
laura.rampazzi@uninsubria.it
Corti, Cristina
UNSPECIFIED
Andreotti, Alessia
UNSPECIFIED
Colombini, Maria Perla
UNSPECIFIED
Bosch-Roig, Pilar
UNSPECIFIED
Lustrato, Giuseppe
UNSPECIFIED
Giantomassi, Carlo
UNSPECIFIED
Zari, Donatella
UNSPECIFIED
Virilli, Paolo
UNSPECIFIED
Languages: English
Keywords: Onsite biocleaning; biorestoration; wall-paintings; agar-gauze biogel; bacteria
Subjects: A. THEORETICAL AND GENERAL ASPECTS > 12. Theory of conservation
C.ARCHITECTURE > 08. Wall paintings
C.ARCHITECTURE > 09. Movable cultural property
F.SCIENTIFIC TECHNIQUES AND METHODOLOGIES OF CONSERVATION > 12. Biochemical analysis
F.SCIENTIFIC TECHNIQUES AND METHODOLOGIES OF CONSERVATION > 13. Chemical analysis
F.SCIENTIFIC TECHNIQUES AND METHODOLOGIES OF CONSERVATION > 28. Infra red analysis
G.DETERIORATION > 02. Causes of deterioration
Name of monument, town, site, museum: Vatican Museums (Rome, Italy); Cathedral Cupola (Pisa, Italy)
UNESCO WHC Number: 286; 395
Volume: 126
ISSN: 1365-2672
Depositing User: dr Laura Rampazzi
Date Deposited: 02 Mar 2021 11:22
Last Modified: 08 Jun 2021 09:54
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URI: https://openarchive.icomos.org/id/eprint/2443

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