|
|
EPrints on Cultural Heritage |
|
Metropolitan Jewish cemeteries of the 19th and 20th centuries in Central and Eastern Europe: a comparative study
Tools
Tools
Klein, Rudolf (2018) Metropolitan Jewish cemeteries of the 19th and 20th centuries in Central and Eastern Europe: a comparative study. Technical Report. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg, Hessen, Germany, 451p. ICOMOS Hefte des Deutschen Nationalkomitees, 66. ISBN 978-3-7319-0752-7. [Book]
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract (in English)
The book is made up of two parts. The general part comprises a short general history of Jewish cemeteries and a brief history of metropolitan Jewish cemeteries in Europe, followed by a chapter on gentile influence and the impact of Jewish religious reform on metropolitan Jewish cemeteries. After these general topics the following chapters deal with questions of topography, layout and urban context, extensions and layout changes, orientation of gravestones, and segregation inside the cemetery — according to gender, religiosity, and social status. The next series of chapters deals with urban and architectural aspects, such as the morphology of cemeteries — paths, edges, nodes, districts and landmarks, changes of ground level, grouping of tombs, gates, fences, and edifices (entrance buildings, ceremonial halls and tahara houses, common facilities). Further chapters focus on smaller elements, such as pergolas, balusters, stairs, and, collective monuments and memorials (1848 revolutions, World War One and Two, Shoa, 20th-century pogroms and accidents), Genizot, buried Torah Scrolls, benches, wells, storages among gravestones, gravel holders, row indicators, and temporary markers. The largest chapter of the theoretical part is devoted to tomb typologies — a survey of already existing typologies and the one used in this book —, followed by stylistic analyses. The next block of chapters deals with aspects of funerary culture touching Jewish studies, such as symbols displayed on gravestones, their combinations and meanings, inscriptions — language (Hebrew, Yiddish, local vernacular and their combinations), ways of writing names (Jewish name, civil name, combinations, lineage description — father's or mother's name and social position), eulogies, and visual references to social achievement. Finally, descriptions of vegetation, damages and destruction of graves and other elements of the cemetery, as well as questions of maintenance, complete the theoretical part. The second, survey part of the book presents twenty metropolitan Jewish cemeteries in Europe in alphabetic order. The principles of selection of cemeteries for the second part of this anthology are: 1. artistic value in terms of art history, architecture, urban planning, and landscaping; 2. historically most important (both from the viewpoints of Jewish and general history); 3. gap-filling function, i.e. examples explaining the evolution of Jewish funerary culture in certain regions and in general; 4. examples that in some aspects shed light on a specific phenomenon, important for the entirety of Jewish cemeteries. Items under 3 and 4 were chosen freely in order to illustrate the problem discussed there; these examples do not intend to be proportionately representative of all cases in Europe.
| Item Type: | Book (Technical Report) |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Authors Email Klein, Rudolf UNSPECIFIED |
| Editors: | Editors Email Sturm, Gesine UNSPECIFIED Ziesemer, John UNSPECIFIED Inglis, Cody UNSPECIFIED |
| Corporate Authors: | ICOMOS Germany; Landesdenkmalamt Berlin |
| Languages: | English |
| Keywords: | cemeteries; Jewish heritage; urban areas; stylistic analysis; funerary architecture; memorials; graves; inscriptions; trees; destruction of cultural heritage; Germany; Austria; Poland; Lithuania; Russia; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Romania; Croatia; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Serbia; Bulgaria; case studies; comparative analysis |
| Subjects: | C.ARCHITECTURE > 03. Styles of architecture F.SCIENTIFIC TECHNIQUES AND METHODOLOGIES OF CONSERVATION > 14. Comparative analysis H.HERITAGE TYPOLOGIES > 29. Other L.PRESENTATION AND TRANSMISSION OF HERITAGE > 01. Generalities P. GEOGRAPHIC AREAS > 05. Europe |
| Name of monument, town, site, museum: | Ashkenazi Jewish Cemetery, Belgrade, Serbia; Sephardi Jewish Cemetery, Belgrade, Serbia; Weißensee Jewish Cemetery, Berlin Germany; Orthodox Jewish Cemetery in Žižková Street, Bratislava, Slovakia; Ashkenazi Jewish Cemetery (Philanthropy Cemetery), Bucharest, Romania; Sephardi Jewish Cemetery, Bucharest, Romania; Salgótarjáni Street Jewish Cemetery, Budapest, Hungary; Kozma Street Jewish Cemetery, Budapest, Hungary; New Jewish Cemetery in Miodowa Street, Cracow, Poland; New Jewish Cemetery in Zmienna/Bracka Street, Łódź, Poland; New Jewish Cemetery in Žižkov, Prague, Czech Republic; Jewish Cemetery (Preobrazhenskoye), Saint Petersburg, Russia; Sephardic Jewish Cemetery (Old Jewish cemetery), Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Jewish section of the Central Cemetery, Sofia, Bulgaria; Old Jewish Cemetery at the Zentralfriedhof, Vienna, Austria; New Jewish Cemetery at the Zentralfriedhof, Vienna, Austria; Užupis Jewish Cemetery, Vilnius, Lithuania; Jewish Cemetery in Okopowa Street, Warsaw, Poland; Old Jewish Cemetery in Ślężna Street, Wrocław, Poland; Jewish secti_on of the Mirogoj Central Cemetery, Zagreb, Croatia |
| National Committee: | Germany |
| ICOMOS Special Collection: | ICOMOS Hefte des Deutschen Nationalkomitees |
| ICOMOS Special Collection Volume: | 66 |
| Volume: | 66 |
| Number of Pages: | 451 |
| ISBN: | 978-3-7319-0752-7 |
| Depositing User: | ICOMOS DocCentre |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Jun 2023 14:10 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Jun 2023 14:10 |
| URI: | https://openarchive.icomos.org/id/eprint/2898 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |